Effectiveness of clone selection and hybridization in hops (Humulus lupulus)
1995
Rigr, A. | Beranek, F. (Chmelarsky Institut, Zatec (Czech Republic))
In station trials 250 selections acquired in 1980 to 1985 by individually positive selection in original population stands. Selections in exceeded the standard (Osvald's clone 72) by 10 to 30 % in the yield and minimum by 10 % in the content of bitter acids. There is 50 % verified of exceeding the standard in the content of bitter acids. From the set in 1988 three clones were induced into the state variety trial and out of them the Blsanka variety was approved in 1993 (No. 160). Some 6,500 genotypes of hybrid origin were verified annually out of 71 cross-breedings carried out in the years 1992 to 1994. In the second set the most yielding clones exceeded the standard three to four times in the yield. In the content of alpha-bitter acids the standard was exceeded two to three times. Since 1994 the hybrid varieties Bor and Sladek were approved for cultivation. Three new selections of hybrid origin (3060, 3231, 3425) were included into state variety trial in 1992. Biochemical analyses of bitter substances and hop essential oils (farnasen marker) show the difference in the type of finely aromatic hops from the yielding one. Despite reduced efficiency given by decrease in gene pool, the clone selection remains a usable method for breeding of the Czech hops. Methods of hybridization bring the growth of yielding capacity but new varieties are significantly different from the present variety representation.
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