Evaluation of local and exotic garlic germplasm for maize-garlic and rice-garlic cropping systems in the western hills of Nepal during 1993/94 season
1996
Bhattarai, S.P. (Lumle Agricultural Research Centre, Pokhara, Kaski (Nepal))
Forty five garlic entries, of which two were exotic (Brazil and China) and the remainder from local collections were tested in the maize-garlic and rice-garlic cropping pattern at Lumle Centre and OSR sites (400-2200m asl) from August 1993 to July 1994. The yield performance of the tested varieties was poor at Rising Patan (400m asl) due to severe disease (Alternaria porri) in bari (upland) set and poor crop stand and clove rot in khet (rice fields) set. Variety Bhote could produce some yield and was found better against clove rotting in khet. At Sigana (1300m asl), average yield was high in bari set compared to khet. None of the varieties in khet but nine varieties in bari land exceeded a yield of 20 t/ha of marketable bulb. The poor marketable yield in khet was due to poor cloves and wet soil at the time of planting leading to rotting. At Keware (1200m asl), crop performance was poor for the bari set due to prolonged drought. In bari all varieties except Bhote produced very little yield whereas in the khet set there were 27 varieties producing more than 20 t/ha. There were seven varieties which produced a marketable bulb. At Lumle (1600m asl), only four varieties had a marketable yield of over 20 t/ha, whereas at Lopre (2200m asl) there was only one variety, i.e. Simalchour, which produced a marketable bulb yield of over 20 t/ha. There were seven varieties which produced 10-15 t/ha of marketable yield at Lopre. Out of 45 entries, varieties which can fit in to the maize-garlic and rice-garlic system have been identified. Most of the late maturing types of varieties have prostrating type of leaf, smaller number of cloves, smaller plant, bigger clove, more yield and are tolerant to drought conditions.
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