Treatment and agronomic utilization of solid residues and winery wastewaters
1998
Sorlini, C. | Andreoni, V. (Milan Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche) | Balsari, P. (Turin Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Economia e Ingegneria Agraria, Forestale e Ambientale) | Bertoluzza, A. (Bologna Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician) | Bonfanti, P. (Udine Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale e Tecnologie Agrarie) | Levi Minzi, R. (Pisa Univ. (Italy). Istituto di Chimica Agraria) | Marchetti, R. (Pavia Univ. (Italy). Centro di Ecologia Umana) | Masoni, A. (Pisa Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Agronomia e Gestione dell'Agroecosistema) | Ranalli, G. (Universita del Molise, Campobasso (Italy). Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Microbiologiche) | Sangiorgi, F. (Milan Univ. (Italy). Istituto di Ingegneria Agraria) | Silva, A. (Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza (Italy). Istituto di Enologia) | Tano, F. (Milan Univ. (Italy). Istituto di Agronomia)
Liquid and solid winery residues were undergone to an aerobic biological treatment and to a composting process, respectively. Sludges and compost obtained due to their agronomic utilization were studied. After biological treatment a high organic load removal, even when the influents showed great variability in composition, as well as sludges production, whose characteristics (organic carbon, N, P, K and metals) were conforming to the limits fixed by law for their spreading on the soil, were obtained. Composting of winery solid residues, for 150 days, was monitored by physico-chemical, spectroscopic, microbiological and enzymatic analyses. The phytotoxicity tests gave a germination index higher than 90% and no significant genotoxic difference between controls and composted samples were evidenced. Kinetic models applied to the sludge decomposition in soil are suitable for representing the mineralization processes; however, a great variability due to the soil nature as showed. In agronomic experiments, performed with winery wastewater sludge, an increase in grain yield and dry biomass on maize and soya crops (Pisa), but not in maize (Gessate), were observed. Finally, EPIC-WQ mathematic model was valid for evaluating the release of nutrients in groundwater
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