Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) in the Czech Republic
2001
Gaar, V. (State Phytosanitary Administration, Prague (Czech Republic))
The first occurrence of Globodera rostochiensis was recorded and confirmed in 1954. After this, the first surveys were organised. These surveys were done by visually observing the potato roots and/or by analyses of soil samples, when the flotation technique was used. Diagnostics were performed by morphometrical methods and by comparing the found material with standards. In the 1980s, an enormous number of new occurrences of PCN were found. In the Czech republic, PCN is currently present in more than 1.000 land registers, mostly in small areas on private plots, where serious yield losses have been observed. Fortunately, the occurrence of PCN in areas used for seed potatoes is very rare, which may be the result of producers' adherence to charged phytosanitary measures. The survey and diagnostics are carried out in the Regional Diagnostics Laboratories of The State Phytosanitary Administration. The development of diagnostics methods is done in cooperation with The Czech Agricultural University (e. g., the PCR method). The investigation for the occurrence of the new PCN pathotypes is still being performed. In late 1990s, the first occurrence of Globodera pallida in our country was discovered. Until this time, this nematode had been found only in a few samples of imported potatoes. Control measures consist of required crop rotations, the use of PCN-resistant varieties, and by plant-health legislation, including quarantine measures. Chemical control is not used. Control measures are relaxed only after at least 10 years have passed since the last positive finding of PCN, determined by flotation measurement techniques and after this negative result has been confirmed by biological methods.
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