Efficiency of Helianthus annuus L. Plant in Purification Wastewater from Heavy Metals

References 1. Adriano,. D.C.)1986(. “Trace Elements in the Terrestrial Environment” Springer -Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo. 536p. 2. Ahmad, A.; Ghufran, R.; and Zularisam, A.(2011). Phytosequestration of metals in selected plants growing on a contaminated Okhla industrial areas, Okhla, New Delhi, India. Water Air Soil Pollut. 217, 255–266. 3. Alaboudi, Kh.; Ahmed, B.; and Brodie, G.(2018). Phytoremediation of Pb and Cd contaminated soils by using sunflower (Helianthus annuus) plant. Annals of Agricultural Sciences 63,123–127. 4. Ali, H.; Khan, E.; and Sajad, M.A.(2013). Phytoremediation of heavy metals—Concepts and applications. Chemosphere 91, 869–881. 5. Al-Whaibi, M.(2006). Phytochelatins and heavy metals. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 13 (2):43-53. (in arabic). 6. Andrade, M.G., Melo, V., Gabardo, J., Souza, L., Reissmann, C.(2009) Heavy metals in soils of a lead mining and metallurgy area. I - Phytoextraction. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v.33, p.1879-1888.7. Andon,V.; Malgozat , B.; Nevena, S.; and Zlatko, Z.(2005). Chronic Cd toxicity of bean plants can be partially reduced by supply of ammonium sulphate. J. Cent. Euro. Agri . 6(3), 397-404. 8. Angin, I.; Aslantas, R.; Kose, M.; Karakurt, H.; and Ozkan, G.(2012). Changes in chemical properties of soil and sour cherry as a result of sewage sludge application. Hortic Sci 39(2):61–66. 9. AOACأ(1990). "Official Method Of Analysis"أ 15th editionأ Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 10. AOAC. (1995). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, D.C.USA. 11. APHA,)1998(. Standard methods for the examination of waters and wastewaters. APHAAWWA- WEF, Washington, DC. 12. Asif, M., & Saeed, S. (2020). Study of Effectiveness of phytoremediation at different contamination level of wastewater. Hydrol current Res, 11(314), 2. 13. Ashraf, S.; Afzal, M.; Naveed, M.; Shahid, M.; and Zahir, Z.A.(2018). Endophytic bacteria enhance remediation of tannery e_uent in constructed wetlands vegetated with Leptochloa fusca. Int. J. Phytoremediat. 20,121–128. 14. Aslam, U.; Ahmad, I.; Hussain, M.; Khan, A.; Ghani, A.; Mustafa, I.; Jalal, S.; Aqueel, M.; Asif, S.; and Ahmed, H.(2014). Effect of heavy metal pollution on mineral absorption in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids Article in Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. DOI: 10.1007/s11738-013-1390-y. 15. Aydinalp, C.; and Marinova, S.(2003). Distribution and Forms of Heavy Metals in Some Agricultural Soils. Article in Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. Vol. 12, No.5,629-633. 16. Baldwin, D.R, and Marshall, W.J.(1999). “Heavy metal poisoning and its laboratory investigation,” Annals of Clinical Biochemistry, 36(3), pp. 267–300. 17. Barakat, M.A.(2011). New trends in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 4(4), 361-377. 18. Barlow, R., N. Bryant., J. Andersland., and S. Sahi. (2000). Lead Hyperaccumulation By Sesbania Drummondii. Proceedings Of The 2000 Conference On Hazardous Waste Research. (112-114).19. Barghoth, G.; Youssef, J.; and Essam, A.(2006). Cadmium contamination of soil in Qatina area and treatment. M.Sc. Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria. 20. Belhaj, D.; Elloumi, N.; Jerbi, B.; Zouari, M.; Abdallah, F.; Ayadi, H., and Kallel, M.(2016). Effects of sewage sludge fertilizer on heavy metal accumulation and consequent responses of sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Article in Environmental Science and Pollution Research .DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7193-0 21. Blasenbrei, P. (1987). Cadmium in sunflower seeds, Gordian,V 87 (10)p.197, Germany. 22. Blaylock, M.(2008). Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Water: Field Demonstration of Phytoremediation of Lead Contaminated Soils; Lewis Publishers: Boca Raton, FL, USA. 23. Cempel, M.; and Nikel, G.(2006). Nickel: a review of its sources and environmental toxicology. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 15, 375–382. 24. Chandra, R.; Kumar, V.; Tripathi, S.; and Sharma, P.(2018). Heavy metal phytoextraction potential of native weeds and grasses from endocrine-disrupting chemicals rich complex distillery sludge and their histological observations during in-situ phytoremediation. Ecol. Eng. 111, 143–156. 25. Charney M.(2010). Sunflower seed and their products. Journal of Agricultural and Food Information, 11(2), 81-89. 26. Chen, H. and Cutright, T.J. (2002). The interactive effects of chelator, fertilizer, and rhizobacteria for enhancing phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. J. Soils Sedi., 2: 203-210. 27. Chhotu, D.; Madhusudan, J.; and Fulekar, H.(2008). Phytoremediation: The application of vermicompost to remove zinc, cadimum, copper, nicle and lead by sunflower plant. 551-556, Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Santacruz (E), Mumbai - 400098, Mumbai, India. 28. Davis, M. (2010). Water and Wastewater Engineering, New York: McGrawHill, Page 18-2. Edited.29. Davis, M. and CornwelL, D.(2013). Introduction to Environmental Engineering (The Mcgraw-hill Series in Civil and Environmental Engineering) Page 456.(1040), 5th Edition. 30. Devkota, B.; Schmidt, G.H.(2000). Accumulation of heavy metals in food plants and grasshoppers from the Taigetos Mountains, Greece. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 78(1), 85-91.5. 31. Dhanwal, P.; Kumar, A.; Dudeja, S.; Chhokar, V.; and Beniwal, V.(2017). “Recent advances in phytoremediation technology,” in Advances in Environmental Biotechnology, eds R. Kumar, A. K. Sharma, and S. S. Ahluwalia (Singapore: Springer), 227–241. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-4041-2_14. 32. Dhyan, S., P.K. Chhonkar and R.N. Pandey. )1999(. Soil, plant & water analysis– a method manual. IARI, New Delhi. 33. Dube. A.; Zbytniewski, R.; Kowalkowski, T.; Cukrowska, E.; Buszewski, B.(2000). Adsorption and Migration of Heavy Metals in soil. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 10, No. 1, pp: (1-10). 34. Farid, G.; Sarwar, N.; Ahmad, A.; Ghafoor, A.; and Rehman, M.(2015). Heavy Metals (Cd, Ni and Pb) Contamination of Soils, Plants and Waters in Madina Town of Faisalabad Metropolitan and Preparation of Gis Based Maps, Advances in Crop Science and Technology, Vol.4. (1), P: (7). 35. Fasani, E.; Manara, A.; Martini, F.; Furini, A.; and DalCorso, G.(2018). The potential of genetic engineering of plants for the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals. Plant Cell Environ. 41, 1201–1232. doi: 10.1111/pce.12963. 36. Forte, J., Mutiti, S., (2017). Phytoremediation potential of Helianthus annuus and Hydrangea paniculata in copper and lead-contaminated soil. Water Air Soil Pollut. 228, 1–11. 37. Francis, E. (2017). Phytoremediation Potentials of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Asteraceae on contaminated soils of Abandoned Dumpsites. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017 ISSN 2229-5518.38. Fulekar, M.(2016). Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals by Helianthus annuus in Aquatic and Soil environment International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 7 (2016) pp. 392-404. 39. Gerhardt, K.E.; Gerwing, P.D.; and Greenberg, B.M.(2017). Opinion: Taking phytoremediation from proven technology to accepted practice. Plant Sci. 256, 170–185. 40. Gupta, P.K.)2000(. Soil, plant, water and fertilizer analysis. Agrobios (India), Jodhpur أ New Delhi, India. p.438. 41. Hanson, R. 1993. Sampling plant tissue and soil for analysis. Department of Agronomy,University of Missouri Extension. 42. Heidari, M.; Sarani, S.(2011). Effect of lead and cadmium on seed germination, seedling growth and antioxidant enzymes activities of mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.). ARPN . J. Agricu. and Biolo. Sci., 6 (1), 44-47. 43. Helmisaari, H.-S.; Salemaa, M.; Derome, J.; Kiikkilä, O.; Uhlig, C.; Nieminen, T.(2007). Remediation of heavy metal–contaminated forest soil using recycled organic matter and native woody plants. J. Environ. Qual., 36, 1145–1153. 44. Henze ،M. and Ledin ،A.( 2001)- Types أcharacteristics and quantities of classic أcombined domestic of classic domestic. In: Decentralised sanitation and reuse أconcepts أ systems and implementation , IWA Publishing. 45. Hong, S.; Tao, L.; Ren, X.; Zhuang, Y.; Feng, N.; and Wang, T.(2010). Study of the change of water quality for a lake in Central China. Water and Environment Journal, Vol. 24, 165–173. 46. Hooda, V. (2007). Phytoremediation of toxic metals from soil and waste water. J. Environ. Biol. 28(2 Suppl.), 367–376. 47. Hou, W.; Chen, X.; Song, G.; Wang, Q.; and Chang, C.C.(2007). Effects of copper and cadmium on heavy metal polluted waterbody restoration by duckweed (Lemna minor). Plant physiology and biochemistry, 45(1), 62-69. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26843574848. Isaac, R.A. and J.D. Kerber.) 1971(. Atomic absorption and flame photometry: Techniques and uses in soil, plant and water analysis, pp. 17-37. In: Instrumental methods for analysis of soils and plant tissue (Ed. Walsh, L.M.), Soil. Sci. Soc. of Amer., Madison, WI. pp. 17-37. 49. Iyaka. Y.A.(2011). Nickel in soils: A review of its distribution and impacts, Scientific Research and Essays, Vol. 6(33), pp: (6774-6777). 50. Jadia, D.; Chhotu, K.; and Fulekar, M.H.(2009). Phytoremediation of heavy metals: Recent techniques. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8 (6): 921-928. 51. Javed, M.T.; Tanwir, K..; Akram, M.S.; Shahid, M.; Niazi, N. K.; and Lindberg, S.(2019). “Chapter 20 – Phytoremediation of cadmium-polluted water/sediment by aquatic macrophytes: role of plant-induced pH changes,” in Cadmium Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants, eds M. Hasanuzzaman, M.N.V. Prasad, and M. Fujita (London: Academic Press), 495–529. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-814864-8.00020-6. 52. Kabata-Pendias, A. (2011). Trace elements in soils and plants. 4th ed., CRC Press LLC. Pp 505. 53. Kalra, P.Y. (1998). Reference Methods for Plant Analysis CRC Press, Boca Raton , D.C. 54. Kiziloglu, F.; Tuean, M.; Sahin, U.; Angin, I.; Anapali, O.; and Okuroglu, M.(2007). Effect of Wastewater Irrigation on Soil and Cabbage-Plant (Brassica Oleracea var. Capitate cv. Yalova-1) Chemival Properties. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 170, 166-172. 55. Koptsik, G.N.(2014). Modern approaches to remediation of heavy metal polluted soils: a review. Eurasian Soil Science, v.47, p.707-722. 56. Lara, M.A.M.; Blazquez, G.; Trujillo, M.C.; Perez, A.; and Calero, M.(2014). New treatment of real electroplating wastewater containing heavy metal ions by adsorption onto olive stone. Journal of Cleaner Production 81, 120–129. 57. Larsen, T.A.; and Gujer, W.(1996). Separate management of anthropogenic nutrient solutions, (human urine). Wat. Sci. Tech. 34(3-4)أ87-9458. Lee, K.K.; Cho, H.S;, Moon, Y.C.; Ban, S.J.; and Kim, J.Y.(2013). Cadmium and lead uptake capacity of energy crops and distribution of metals within the plant structures. KSCE J. Civ. Eng. 17, 44–50.Letters, 8(3), 199-216. 59. Mahar, A.; Wang, P.; Ali, A.; Awasthi, M.K.; Lahori, A.H.; Wang, Q.; and Zhang, Z.(2016). Challenges and opportunities in the phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soils: A review. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 126, 111–121. 60. Mansour R.(2014). The pollution of tree leaves with heavy metal in Syria. International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG Vol.6, No.4, pp 2283 2290 ISSN : 0974-4290. 61. Megateli, S., Semsari, S., and Couderchet, M.(2009). Toxicity and removal of heavy metals (cadmium, copper, and zinc) by Lemna gibba. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 72(6), 1774-1780. 62. Mukhtar, F.; Bhat, A.M.; Bashir, R.; and Chisti, H. (2014). Assessment of surface water quality by evaluating the physico-chemical parameters and by checking the water quality index of Nigeen Basin and Brari Nambal Lagoon of Dal Lake, Kashmir. J. Mater. Environ. Sci. Vol. 5(4), 1178-1187. 63. Mukhtar, S.; Bhatti, H.; Khalid, M.; Anwar, M.; Haq, M.; and Shahzad, Sh.(2010). Potential of sunflower (Helianthus annuus l.) for phytoremediation of nickle (Ni) and lead (Pb) contaminated water Article in Pakistan Journal of Botany · December 2010. 64. Mustafa, A .(2013). Constructed Wetland for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse : A case Study Developing Country . International Journal of Environmental Science and Development , Vol. 4,No. 1. 65. Nagajyoti, P.C., Lee, K.D., Sreekanth, T.V.M.(2010). Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review. Environmental Chemistry. 66. Nandakumar, P.B.A.; Dushenkov, V.; Motto, H.; and Raskin, I.(1995). Phytoextraction: The use of plants to remove heavy metals from soils. Environ. Sci. Technol., 29(5): 1232-8. 67. Nehnevajova, E.; Herzig, R.; Federer, G.; Erismann, K.; and Schwitzguebel, J.P.(2005). Screening of sunflower cultivars for metalphytoextraction in a contaminated field prior to mutagenesis. Int J Phytoremediation, 7(4):337-49. 68. Noctor, G., Mhamdi, A., Queval G., Shaouch, S., Foyer, Sh.(2011) Glutathione. Arabidopsis Book, v.9, p.1-42. 69. Parlak, U., Kadiriye, Yilmaz, D., Dilek. (2013). Ecophysiological tolerance of Lemna gibba L. exposed to cadmium. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 91(0), 79-85. 70. Peech, M.)1965(. Hydrogen-ion activity. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II, Chemical and Microbiological Properties (Ed. Black, C.A.). American Society of Agron., MadisonأWI. pp. 914-926. 71. Pfenning, M.; Palfay, G.; Guillet, T.(2008). The CLEARFIELD® technology–A new broad spectrum post–emergence weed control system for European sunflower growers. J Plant Dis Prot 21:649–654. 72. Prost, R.(ed).(1997). Contaminated Soils, proceeding of the 3ed International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements , May 15-19 , 1995 . INRA 73. Rezania, S.; Taib, S.M.; Md.Din, M.F., Dahalan, F.A.; and Kamyab, H.(2016). Comprehensive review on phyto technology: heavy metals removal by diverse aquatic plants species from wastewater. J. Hazard Mater. 318, 587–599.doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.07.053. 74. Saber, N.E.; Abdel-moneim, A.M.; and Barakat, S.Y.(1999). Robe of organic acids in sunflower tolerance to heavy metals, Biologia planetarum, V42(1) p (65-73). 75. Sarwar, N.; Imran, M.; Shaheen, M.R.; Ishaque, W.; Kamran, M.A.; Matloob, A.; et al.(2017). Phytoremediation strategies for soils contaminated with heavy metals: modifications and future perspectives. Chemosphere 171, 710–721. doi: 10.1016/j. chemosphere.2016.12.116. 76. Sasmaz, A.; and Obek, E.(2012). The accumulation of silver and gold in Lemna gibba L. exposed to secondary effluents. Chemie der Erde - Geochemistry, 72(2), 149-152.77. Schmoger, M.E.; Oven, M.; and Grill, E.(2000). Detoxification of arsenic by phytochelatins in plants. Plant Physiology, 122, 793–801. 78. Schnoor, J.L.(1997). Phytoremediation. The University of Iowa Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, Iowa City, Iowa 1:(62). 79. Sharma, S.; Singh, B.; and Manchanda, V.(2015). Phytoremediation: Role of terrestrial plants and aquatic macrophytes in the remediation of radionuclides and heavy metal contaminated soil and water. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 22, 946–962. 80. Scientific Engineering Response and Analytical Services.(1994). Standard Operating Procedures, Plant Biomass Determination. Sop 2034, p1-5, Revision 0.0 81. Singh, D.; Tiwari, A.; and Gupta, R.(2012). Phytoremediation of lead from wastewater using aquatic plants. Agricultural Technology, 8(1), 1-11. 82. Solhi, M.; Hajabbasi, M.; Shareatmadari, H.(2005). Heavy Metals Extraction Potential of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and Canola (Brassica napus) Caspian J. Env. Sci. 2005, Vol. 3, No.1, pp. 35~42 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228501165. 83. Suman, J., Uhlik, O., Viktorova, J., and Macek, T. (2018). Phytoextraction of heavy metals: a promising tool for clean-up of polluted environment? Front Plant Sci.9:1476. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01476. 84. Sung, M.;, Lee, C.Y.; and Lee, S.Z.(2011). Combined mild soil washing and compost-assisted phytoremediation in treatment of silt loams contaminated with copper, nickel, and chromium. Journal of hazardous materials, 190(1): 744-754. 85. Tamoutsidis, E.; Lazaridou, M;. papadopoulos, I.; Spanos, T.; Papathanasiou, F; . Tamoutsidou, M.; mitlianga, P. and Vasiliou, G.(2009). The effect of treated urban wastewater on soil properties, plant tissue composition and biomass productivity in berseem clover and corn. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 7(3&4), 782-78686. Tomé, F. V., Rodríguez, P. B., and Lozano, J. (2008). Elimination of natural uranium and 226Ra from contaminated waters by rhizofiltration using Helianthus annuus L. Sci. Total Environ. 393, 351–357. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.01.013. 87. USEPA.(1999). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Constructed Wetlands Treatment of Municipal Wastewaters. 88. USEPA.(2000). United States Environmental Protection Agency. “Introduction to phytoremediation,” Tech. Rep. EPA 600/R-99/107, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. 89. USGS.(1998). United States Geological Survey Ground, Water and Surface Water: A Single Resource, Circular, 1139. 90. Usha, R.; Vasavi, A.; thishya, K.; Jhansi-rani, S. and Supraja, P.(2011). Phytoextraction of Lead from Industrial Effluents by Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) rasāyan j. chem. vol.4, no., 8-12. 91. Victoria, A.O.(2015). Surface Soil Pollution By Heavy Metals: A Case Study of Two Refuse Dumpsites In Akure Metropolis. International journal of scientific & Technology research, Vol. 4, pp: (71-74). 92. Wan Ngah, W.S., Hanafiah, M.A.K.M. (2008). Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater by chemically modified plant wastes as adsorbents: A review. Bioresource Technology, 99(10), 3935-3948. 93. Winter, M.; and Slento, E.(2010). Heavy metal emissions for Danish road transport. National Environmental Research Institute. Technical Report no. 780. 94. Wyszkowski, M.; Radziemska, M.(2013) Assessment of tri- and hexavalent chromium phyto toxicity on oats (Avena sativa L). biomass and content of nitrogen compounds. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, v.224, p.1619-1633. 95. Yadav, S.K.(2010). Heavy metals toxicity in plants: An overview on the role of glutathione and phytochelatins in heavy metal stress tolerance of plants. South African Journal of Botany,Vol. 76, Iss. 2, 167-179.