Effect of buttermilk polar lipids on plasma lipid profile: A pilot study
2023
Aleksejeva, Svetlana | Krasikova, Anna | Ciprovica, Inga | Meija, Laila
Serum lipids are impacted by hormonal changes in women throughout their life cycle. Serum lipid profile changes contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Dietary polar lipids (PLs) can impact the lipid profile and cardiovascular health. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of buttermilk consumption on plasma lipid profile. The randomised clinical trial included eight perimenopausal women aged 45 to 55 (mean [SD] age: 48.1 [2.9] years) with a moderately high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (LDL-C level (mean [SD] LDL-C level: 3.53 [0.32] mmol LE−1) and stable weight (mean [SD] weight: 74.3 [17.9] kg) over the previous six months without lipid-lowering therapy. The intervention group (n = 4) consumed 250 mL (50 mg PLs) of buttermilk daily for 28 days, along with their regular diet and exercise. The control group (n = 4) was advised not to change their lifestyle. The enzymatic colour reaction method was used for plasma lipid measurements and the hexokinase method for plasma glucose estimation before and after the trial. The approval from Riga Stradins University Ethics Committee was received (Nr. 2-PĒK-4/513/2022) prior to the study. After 28 days of the trial, the intervention group showed a decrease in LDL-C level (mean [SD] LDL-C level change: −0.18 [0.65] mmol LE−1). Conversely, there was an increase in LDL-C level (mean [SD] LDL-C level change: 0.09 [0.51] mmol LE−1) in the control group. The pilot study showed that the consumption of buttermilk might improve the plasma lipid profile of perimenopausal women with a moderately high LDL-C level.
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