Associated factors with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in adult women from northwest Mexico

Inglés. Abstract Research on the association between risk factors and HPV infection in adult women from Hermosillo does not exist, so a study of cases and controls (1: 2) matched by age was designed to analyze this public health problem at a local level. Participants were 33 and 66 women with and without HPV, respectively (mean age = 41.8 ± 7.9 years). The difference in characteristics between groups was tested with conditional logistic regression (univariate). Antioxidant intake was adjusted by total energy using the residual method. Two multivariate logistic regression models were generated to identify factors associated with HPV. In both models, the higher consumption of lycopene (OR = 0.96, CI =0.95-0.99, p = 0.019) and the higher Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity (TACp) (OR = 0.05, CI 95 % = 0.03 - 0.7, p = 0.024), even adjusted by the number of pregnancies, number of sexual partners, and total number of sexual partners per year, reduced the risk of HPV. Multiple pregnancies and sexual behavior increased the risk of HPV, whilst higher consumption of lycopene and TACp reduced it in the women in this study. Sex education should be strengthened, as well as the consumption of antioxidants in women from Hermosillo to prevent the development of cervical cancer.

Español; castellano. Resumen Investigaciones sobre la asociación entre factores de riesgo y la infección por VPH en mujeres adultas hermosillenses no existen, y por ello se diseñó un estudio de casos y controles (1: 2) pareado por edad para analizar este problema de salud pública a nivel local. Participaron 33 y 66 mujeres con y sin VPH respectivamente (edad media = 41,8 ± 7,9 años). La diferencia de características entre grupos se probó con regresión logística condicional (univariada). La ingesta de antioxidantes se ajustó por energía total utilizando el método residual. Se generaron dos modelos de regresión logística multivariada para identificar los factores asociados con VPH. En ambos modelos, el mayor consumo de licopeno (OR = 0,96, IC =0,95- 0,99, p = 0,019) y la mayor Capacidad Antioxidante Total plasmática (CATp) (OR = 0,05, IC 95% = 0,03-0,7, p = 0,024), ajustados aún con el número de embarazos, número de parejas sexuales, y total de parejas sexuales por año, redujeron el riesgo a VPH. Los embarazos múltiples y la conducta sexual incrementaron el riesgo a VPH, y los mayores consumos de licopeno y CATp la redujeron en las mujeres de este estudio. Debe fortalecerse la educación sexual, así como el consumo de antioxidantes en las mujeres hermosillenses para prevenir el desarrollo del cáncer de cuello uterino.