APPLICATION OF FOLIAR TOP DRESSING ON SPRING TRITICALE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN ZONE OF THE ROSTOV REGION

Data on the characteristics of foliar top dressing of spring triticale varieties Saur and Khaykar under the conditions of the northwestern zone of the Rostov region are presented. This region is characterized by gradual climate change, which is expressed in the increase of its aridity. The predecessor in the experiment is lentils. Soil preparation for sowing spring triticale is common for spring crops in this area. The fertilizer system provided for the main application of phosphorus– containing fertilizers for plowing, non-root fertilizing with liquid complex fertilizer in the tubing phase, carbamide - in the beginning of earing phase. The seeding rate is 5 million/ha for all agricultural backgrounds, the seed placement depth is 4-5 cm, the plot area is 50 m2, the experiment is repeated three times. The soil of the experimental plot is represented by southern carbonate chernozem. The amount of humus in the topsoil was 3.2%. The number of mobile forms of macroelements in the arable soil layer was as follows: total nitrogen (N-NO3 + N-NH4) - 20 mg/kg of soil, phosphorus (P2O5) - 29 mg/kg, potassium (K2O) - 354 mg/kg. Experimental studies were carried out in 2015-2017. The results of the research allowed us to establish that in arid conditions, the system of non- root fertilizing of spring triticale should be based on the amount of available phosphates in the soil. With a low and average content of this element in the soil, fertilizing with a liquid complex fertilizer with a dose of 50 kg / ha in physical weight in the phase of entering the tube is in demand. At the same time, the yield growth is 0.36...0.48 t/ha on average for varieties. With a high level of phosphates in the soil, top dressing with carbamide at a dose of 65 kg / ha in the phase of the beginning of earing is relevant. The increase in the productivity of varieties reaches the level of 0.55-0.61 t/ha