Evaluation of Combined Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Vermicompost on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Wheat Verities in Amareh Region (Southern Iraq)
2022
Almaleki, Ahmad Mahisan Davood | Zakernejad, Saeed
BACKGROUND: Balanced and efficient use of applied N is of paramount importance in the overall nutrient management system than any other plant nutrient in order to reduce its negative impact on the environment. For economic production keep equilibrium between fertilizer and biofertilizer is necessary in sustainable agriculture. OBJECTIVES: This research was done to assess effect of fertilizer and biofertilizer on crop production and protein content of wheat varieties under warm and dry climate condition. METHODS: Current study was consisted according split-plot experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The main plot included the combination of chemical and biological fertilizers (F1: 150 kg.ha-1 urea fertilizer, F2: 150 kg.ha-1 urea fertilizer with 5 t.ha-1 vermicompost, F3: 5 t.ha-1 vermicompost) at three level. The sub plot consisted three varieties of wheat (V1: Rashid, V2: Bahous 99, V3: Aba 99). RESULT: The results showed that the effect of combination treatment of chemical and biological fertilizers and verities on plant height, seed yield, yield components, biological yield, and harvest index and seed protein percentage was significant. Also, the interaction of the combination of chemical and biological fertilizers and verities on the number of spikes per unit area, the number of seeds per spike, the 1000 seed weight, seed yield and biological yield was significant. The highest seed yield belonged to the combined treatment of nitrogen chemical fertilizer and vermicompost and Bahous 99 Varity with an average of 468.11 gr.m-2, and lowest seed yield belonged to application of vermicompost fertilizer and the Rashid Varity with an average of 394.2 g.m-2. CONCLUSION: In general, it can be said that in order to achieve the maximum quantitative and qualitative yield of wheat, it is suggested to cultivate the Varity of Bahous 99 with the combined application of nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost in Amara region in southern Iraq.
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