Keragaman Fusarium pada Rizosfer Tanaman Kacang Panjang dan Peranannya bagi Pertumbuhan Tanaman
2013
Sutrisni, Rahmi | Widodo,
<div><em>Fusarium</em> wilt caused by <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> f.sp. <em>tracheiphilum</em> is one of the important diseases on yard long bean. Besides of its capability of causing diseases in plants, some species of <em>Fusarium </em>are non pathogenic and able to control <em>Fusarium</em> wilt as naturally occured in disease suppressive soils. The objective of this study was to observe the rhizosphere <em>Fusarium</em> diversity and its role on the plant growth of yard long bean. Out of 56 isolates collected during the study, four species were identified, including <em>F. oxysporum</em> (39.3%), <em>F. semitectum</em> (28.6%), <em>F. longipes </em>(12.5%), <em>F. solani</em> (5.3%), and one unidentified <em>Fusarium sp. </em>(14.3%). The highest diversity index was obtained from the field planted with corn as previous crop. In general, 56 isolates tested could be differentiated into 3 groups based on their effects on plan growth, i.e.: deleterious that caused wilting or growth suppressive without wilting (50.0%), neutral that no significantly difference growth as untreated (41.1%), and growth promoting (8.9%). All three isolated <em>Fusarium </em>causing plant wilting identified as <em>F. oxysporum</em>, while isolates with growth promoting effect were identified as <em>F. oxysporum</em> (4 isolates) and <em>F. solani</em> (1 isolate). These five selected growth promoting <em>Fusarium</em> also suppressed the wilt disease and increased the plant growth when co inoculated with wilt pathogen of yard long bean, <em>F. oxysporum</em> f.sp. <em>tracheiphillum</em>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Key words: diversity, <em>Fusarium</em>, long yard bean, rhizosphere</div>
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