Aflatoxin occurrence in 1973 corn at harvest. I. A limited survey in the southeastern U.S
1975
Lillehoj, E.B. | Kwolek, W.F. | Shannon, G.M. | Shotwell, O.L. | Hesseltine, C.W.
Freshly harvested corn from a region of northeastern S. Carolina was examined for field occurence of aflatoxin. A collection of 297 samples (10 lb each) was made (184 collected at field sites and 113 at elevator delivery points during harvest). Corn samples were dried to 13% moisture or below within 5-7 h of collection. In 91 of 184 field samples (49%) and in 61 of 113 elevator samples (54%), aflatoxin B1 was found at levels >3 ppb (parts/billion). No significant variation was observed in occurrence of aflatoxin between corn collected in the field and samples obtained at elevators. Aflatoxin B1 levels >20 ppb were observed in 94 of the 297 samples (32%); 29 of the 297 (10%) had >80 ppb; and 4 contained >320 ppb. A significant association was observed between aflatoxin levels in test corn and moisture levels of grain at harvest. Field observations indicated that insect damage of corn could provide the initial site of fungal infection, but a definite relationship was not found between activity of a specific insect and presence of aflatoxin. However, evidence was conclusive that Aspergillus flavus can develop and produce aflatoxin in the field before harvest.
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