Features of the Winter Wheat Varieties Genotype Cultivated in the Russian Federation’s Non-Chernozem Earth Zone
2020
Sanduhadze, B. I. | Bugrova, V. V. | Krakhmalyova, M. S. | Mamedov, R. Z.
A brief description of the stages of winter wheat breeding in the Non-Chernozem Zone of the Russian Federation is given. The characteristics of the Mironovskaya 808, Pamyati Fedina, Inna, and Moskovskaya 39 varieties were given in comparison with the new Nemchinovskaya 85 and Moskovskaya 27 varieties in terms of yield, productivity elements, and protein content in grain for 5 years of research (2015–2019). The grain yield in the Nemchinovskaya 85 variety (submitted for state variety testing in 2018) was 7.9 t/ha (maximum yield was 10.1 t/ha), while that in the Moskovskaya 27 variety (2019) was 7.7 t/ha (8.89 t/ha); the protein content in grain was 15.0 and 14.4%, respectively. A significant excess of these varieties in terms of yield over the varieties of the earlier breeding stages and the Moskovskaya 39 standard was shown. The data on the constant lines of the F₅ generation of the hybrid combination Boema × Mera, combining large-grain, short-stemming, and high protein content in the grain, are presented. Correlation analysis confirmed the possibility of combining a low plant height and a high mass of 1000 grains in one genotype. The best lines of this combination are seeded in the breeding and control nurseries.
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