Morphology and ultrastructure of Mammillaria gracillis (Cactaceae) in in vitro culture
2003
Poljuha, D. | Balen, B. | Bauer, A. | Ljubesic, N. | Krsnik-Rasol, M.
Morphogenetic status of cactus Mammillaria gracillis Pfeiff. tissue culture was studied by light and electron microscopy. In vitro propagated shoots spontaneously developed callus. This callus regenerated normal and hyperhydric shoots without exogenous hormones. Tumour tissue induced by wild or rooty strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens never expressed any morphogenetic potential. Light microscopy showed cellular characteristics of morphologically different tissues. Ultrastructural studies revealed changes in plastids: secondary dedifferentiation of mature chloroplasts, thylakoid swelling and disruption, phytoferritin accumulation, plastid elongation and increase in size. Changes in chlorophyll and carotenoid content were in accordance with degradation of the thylakoid system. Plastids were confirmed as very sensitive organelles to an artificial hyperhydric environment as well as to Agrobacteria-mediated cell transformation.
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