Anthelmintic activity of Cocos nucifera L. against sheep gastrointestinal nematodes
2009
Oliveira, L.M.B. | Bevilaqua, C.M.L. | Costa, C.T.C. | Macedo, I.T.F. | Barros, R.S. | Rodrigues, A.C.M. | Camurça-Vasconcelos, A.L.F. | Morais, S.M. | Lima, Y.C. | Vieira, L.S. | Navarro, A.M.C.
The development of anthelmintic resistance has made the search for alternatives to control gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants imperative. Among these alternatives are several medicinal plants traditionally used as anthelmintics. This work evaluated the efficacy of Cocos nucifera fruit on sheep gastrointestinal parasites. The ethyl acetate extract obtained from the liquid of green coconut husk fiber (LGCHF) was submitted to in vitro and in vivo tests. The in vitro assay was based on egg hatching (EHT) and larval development tests (LDT) with Haemonchus contortus. The concentrations tested in the EHT were 0.31, 0.62, 1.25, 2.5 and 5mgml⁻¹, while in the LDT they were 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80mgml⁻¹. The in vivo assay was a controlled test. In this experiment, 18 sheep infected with gastrointestinal nematodes were divided into three groups (n =6), with the following doses administered: G1--400mgkg⁻¹ LGCHF ethyl acetate extract, G2--0.2mgkg⁻¹ moxidectin (Cydectin®) and G3--3% DMSO. The worm burden was analyzed. The results of the in vitro and in vivo tests were submitted to ANOVA and analyzed by the Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis tests, respectively. The extract efficacy in the EHT and LDT, at the highest concentrations tested, was 100% on egg hatching and 99.77% on larval development. The parameters evaluated in the controlled test were not statistically different, showing that despite the significant results of the in vitro tests, the LGCHF ethyl acetate extract showed no activity against sheep gastrointestinal nematodes.
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