Peru-15 (Choleragarde®), a live attenuated oral cholera vaccine, is safe and immunogenic in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive adults in Thailand
2015
Ratanasuwan, W. | Kim, Y.H. | Sah, B.K. | Suwanagool, S. | Kim, D.R. | Anekthananon, A. | Lopez, A.L. | Techasathit, W. | Grahek, S.L. | Clemens, J.D. | Wierzba, T.F.
Many areas with endemic and epidemic cholera report significant levels of HIV transmission. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 95% of reported cholera cases occur in Africa, which also accounts for nearly 70% of people living with HIV/AIDS globally. Peru-15, a promising single dose live attenuated oral cholera vaccine (LA-OCV), was previously found to be safe and immunogenic in cholera endemic areas. However, no data on the vaccine's safety among HIV-seropositive adults had been collected.This study was a double-blinded, individually randomized, placebo-controlled trial enrolling HIV-seropositive adults, 18–45 years of age, conducted in Bangkok, Thailand, to assess the safety of Peru-15 in a HIV-seropositive cohort.32 HIV infected subjects were randomized to receive either a single oral dose of the Peru-15 vaccine with a buffer or a placebo (buffer only). No serious adverse events were reported during the follow-up period in either group. The geometric mean fold (GMF) rise in V. cholerae O1 El Tor specific antibody titers between baseline and 7 days after dosing was 32.0 (p<0.001) in the vaccine group compared to 1.6 (p<0.14) in the placebo group. Among the 16 vaccinees,14 vaccinees (87.5%) had seroconversion compared to 1 of 16 placebo recipients (6.3%). V. cholerae was isolated from the stool of one vaccinee, and found to be genetically identical to the Peru-15 vaccine strain. There were no significant changes in HIV viral load or CD4 T-cell counts between vaccine and placebo groups.Peru-15 was shown to be safe and immunogenic in HIV-seropositive Thai adults.
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