Isolation and Visible Detection of Tumor-Derived Exosomes from Plasma
2018
Chen, Junge | Xu, Youchun | Lü, Ying | Xing, Wanli
Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles (ranging from 30 to 120 nm) released from many cells that provide promising biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of cancer. However, traditional exosome-isolation methods are tedious, nonstandardized, and require bulky instrumentation, thus limiting its clinical applications. In this paper, an anion-exchange (AE)-based isolation method was first proposed to isolate exosomes directly from plasma and cell-culture medium with AE magnetic beads within 30 min. Exosomes isolated with AE magnetic beads had higher recovery efficiency (>90%) and less protein impurities than those isolated by ultracentrifugation (UC). Prostate-cancer (PCa) exosomes in plasma were detected in a visual, label-free, and quantitative manner with aptamer-capped Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles for the first time. The linear range of PCa exosomes was estimated from 0.4 × 10⁸ to 6.0 × 10⁸ particles/mL with a detection limit of 3.58 × 10⁶ particles/mL. The present study provides an efficient and practical approach for the rapid isolation and visible detection of exosomes, which is promising for the early diagnosis of PCa.
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