Role of carbohydrate side chains of potato glycoalkaloids in developmental toxicity
1994
Rayburn, J.R. | Bantle, J.A. | Friedman, M.
As part of a program to improve the safety of plant-derived foods such as potatoes, the developmental toxicity of seven structurally related individual compounds was examined using the Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (FETAX). The objective was to assess the role of the carbohydrate part of Solanum glycosides in influencing the developmental toxicity of these compounds. Comparative evaluations were carried out on the triglycosides alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine, the diglycosides 1- and beta 2-chaconine and beta 2-solanine, and the monoglycosides gamma-chaconine and gamma-solanine. The results show that biological activity is influenced by the chemical structure of the carbohydrate, i.e., galactose, glucose, or rhamnose; the number of carbohydrate groups making up the side chain attached to the 3-OH position of the aglycon solanidine; and the stereochemical orientation of the chaconine diglycosides. The developmental toxicity of these compounds in FETAX generally decreased following removal of the carbohydrates from the triglycosides.
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