Sesquiterpene lactones contents in multiple in vitro shoots of three arnica Montana populations
2012
Petrova, M. | Zayova, E. | Todorova, M. | Staneva, J. | Vitkova, A. | Evstatieva, L.N.
Arnica Montana (Asteraceae) is an economically important plant and a source of bio-active sesquiterpene lactones. A. Montana shoot cultures of three origins were studied: natural habitat in the Carpathians, Ukraine (ACU), Botanical garden, Chemnitz, Germany (ACG), and Botanical garden, Vienna, Austria (AVA). The rate of shoot micropropagation on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with a range of cytokinins: BAP (6-benzylaminopurine); Z (zeatin); 2-iP 6-(γ, γ-dymethylallylamino)-purine and TDZ (thidiazuron) was tested. It was found that BAP and Z were more effective than 2-iP and TDZ. The maximum number of shoots (3.1) was obtained for the ACG plants, while for AVA it was much lower (1.7), both of them being grown in MS medium with 1.0 mg/L BAP, showing that the process of shoot multiplication is genotype-dependent. Dry leaves collected from morphologically harmonized plants after two sub-cultivations on MS medium without plant growth regulators were used for investigation of sesquiterpene lactones accumulation. The total sesquiterpene lactones content varied from 1.6 to 2.3%, depending on the origin. The A. Montana plants from ACU origin were successfully in vitro rooted and ex vitro acclimatized in the greenhouse. The lactone content in the plants from the greenhouse was several times less (0.63%) compared to the in vitro cultures.
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