Petroleum Degradation, Biosurfactant and Laccase Production by Fusarium neocosmosporiellum RH-10: A Microcosm Study
2018
Azin, Ehsan | Moghimi, Hamid | Heidarytabar, Rezvan
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of crude oil removal by fungal strains isolated from Arak refinery. The results showed that the RH10 strain is a potent strain as a surfactant producer and degrader of petrochemical hydrocarbons. The strain was identified as a Fusarium neocosmosporiellum and could degrade 58% of hydrocarbons in the minimal medium and reduce the surface tension from 45 to 26.5 mN m⁻¹. Moreover, residual crude oil analysis with Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry showed that this strain was able to degrade 50% of aliphatic compounds. To investigate the mechanism of degradation, oxidase enzymes were assayed and it was found that F. neocosmosporiellum can produce 1.94 U L⁻¹ of laccase in 10 g L⁻¹ crude oil. Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and soil pattern optimization in a microcosm study showed that this strain removed 44% and 27% of the crude oil from contaminated soil in 1% and 5% crude oil concentrations, respectively. Under optimum condition, 9.66 g kg⁻¹ crude oil was removed by F. neocosmosporiellum when the initial oil concentration was 50 g kg⁻¹, at the end of 150 days microcosm experiment. The results demonstrated the promising potential of fungi strain for cleaning of contaminated soil.
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