Elevated Ozone Concentration Reduces Photosynthetic Carbon Gain but Does Not Alter Leaf Structural Traits, Nutrient Composition or Biomass in Switchgrass
2019
Li, Shuai | Courbet, Galatéa | Ourry, Alain | Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.
Elevated tropospheric ozone concentration (O<inf>3</inf>) increases oxidative stress in vegetation and threatens the stability of crop production. Current O<inf>3</inf> pollution in the United States is estimated to decrease the yields of maize (Zea mays) up to 10%, however, many bioenergy feedstocks including switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) have not been studied for response to O<inf>3</inf> stress. Using Free Air Concentration Enrichment (FACE) technology, we investigated the impacts of elevated O<inf>3</inf> (~100 nmol mol−1) on leaf photosynthetic traits and capacity, chlorophyll fluorescence, the Ball–Woodrow–Berry (BWB) relationship, respiration, leaf structure, biomass and nutrient composition of switchgrass. Elevated O<inf>3</inf> concentration reduced net CO<inf>2</inf> assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (g<inf>s</inf>), and maximum CO<inf>2</inf> saturated photosynthetic capacity (V<inf>max</inf>), but did not affect other functional and structural traits in switchgrass or the macro- (except potassium) and micronutrient content of leaves. These results suggest that switchgrass exhibits a greater O<inf>3</inf> tolerance than maize, and provide important fundamental data for evaluating the yield stability of a bioenergy feedstock crop and for exploring O<inf>3</inf> sensitivity among bioenergy feedstocks.
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