Calcium chloride irrigation influence on yield, calcium content, quality and shelf-life of the white mushroom Agaricus bisporus
2001
Philippoussis, A. | Diamantopoulou, P. | Zervakis, G.
Seven CaCl2 irrigation treatments (0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, 0.55, 0.75 and 1.00%) were applied to the Agaricus bisporus white strain A15 (Sylvan) in order to evaluate, in comparison with the water-irrigated crop, their effect on production characteristics, ie yield, sporophore number and size mix, average mushroom weight as well as pileus and stipe Ca content. In addition, initial mushroom colour and texture in three successive flushes and their variations during post-harvest storage for 8 days at 4 degrees C and for 2 days at 18 degrees C were determined. Statistical analysis of data revealed that crop yields were not affected by the individual treatments, whereas the mushroom number was reduced and the average sporophore weight was enhanced. A strong positive correlation was established between CaCl2 dosage and Ca content of fresh mushrooms, which increased considerably in the third flush by accumulating in both pileus and stipe parts (the former containing less Ca than the latter) and presented a maximum for the 0.75 and 1.00% CaCl2 treatments. At harvest, colour of second- and third-break mushrooms was significantly improved by all CaCl2 treatments. This beneficial effect was more pronounced after 8 days of cold storage and during shelf-life in sporophores treated with 0.35, 0.75 and 1.00% CaCl2. No consistent correlation was found between Ca content and texture of fresh and stored mushrooms. However, although softer mushrooms were recorded at harvest in most CaCl2-irrigated crops, 0.25, 0.75 and 1.00% concentrations appeared to retard mushroom softening, promoting firmness at the 8th day of cold storage and during shelf-life.
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