Status and management of grape anthracnose disease caused by Sphaceloma ampelinum (de Bary) Shear in Kashmir Valley
2022
Grape anthracnose is economically an important disease of grapevine caused by Sphaceloma ampelinum (de Bary) Shear, that affects yield and quality of grapes. An extensive study on disease survey indicates that disease was frequent in all the three districts investigated. The overall disease incidence of 54.69 and 46.38 per cent and intensity of 24.70 and 27.09 per cent was observed in two consecutive years, respectively in main grape growing districts of Kashmir Valley. The maximum disease incidence of 58.84 per cent and intensity of 32.97 per cent was recorded in district Srinagar and minimum disease incidence of 42.41 and intensity of 18.83 per cent was observed in district Ganderbal. Among the different locations investigated, Shalimar of district Srinagar revealed the highest disease incidence (61.44%) and intensity (35.18%) and Repora of district Ganderbal revealed the lowest disease incidence (40.31%) and intensity (17.45%). Further, studies revealed that among the eighteen cultivars screened for disease reaction under natural epiphytotic conditions, cvs. Marroo, Himrod, Khalilli, Flame Beauty and Sonaka exhibited tolerance whereas, cvs. Manik chaman, Crimson seedless, Ararat and Hussaini were found moderately tolerant. Among the non-systemic fungitoxicants evaluated under in vitro conditions, chlorthalonil 75WP was found to be significantly more effective against the pathogen, whereas, zineb 75WP was found to be least efficient. Besides, among the systemic fungicides tested, hexaconazole 5EC was found to be significantly superior followed by carbendazim 50WP at all the concentrations.
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