Occurrence and exposure assessment of Fusarium mycotoxins in maize germ, refined corn oil and margarine
2013
Escobar, Jacqueline | Lorán, Susana | Giménez, Isabel | Ferruz, Elena | Herrera, Marta | Herrera Casado, Antonio | Ariño, Agustín
Analytical methods were validated for the analysis of fumonisins (FB1 and FB2), deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) in maize germ, corn oil and margarine. A survey of 74 samples consisting of 12 wet-milled maize germ, 12 dry-milled maize germ, 25 refined corn oil, and 25 corn oil margarine was conducted. Results revealed that 100% and 87.5% of maize germ samples presented FB1 and FB2, respectively, attaining concentrations for the sum of both toxins of 1302±541μgkg−1 in wet-milled and 820±831μgkg−1 in dry-milled maize germ. The lower incidence of FB1, FB2 and DON in edible oil and margarine (4–8%) may be related with the industrial processes for their obtaining besides the high water-solubility of these mycotoxins. In contrast, 25% of maize germ samples were positive for ZEA as well as 32% of corn oil and 24% of margarine, which may be related with its lipophilic nature. A number of samples exceeded the maximum limits indicating that strict control is needed, though estimated dietary exposure was less than 0.2% tolerable daily intakes in all cases.
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