Physical and Mechanical Properties of Neem Fruit and Seed Relevant to Depulping and Decortication
2011
Solanki, R.C. | Naik, S.N. | Srivastava, A.P. | Satya, Santosh
The physical and mechanical properties of neem (Azadirachta indica) fruit and seed relevant to mechanical depulping and decortication were determined. The physical properties of seed were determined as a function of moisture content in the range of 6.56 to 20.71% (w.b). The length and maximum diameter of neem fruit and neem seed ranged from 16.21 mm to 19.00 mm and 11.73 mm to 15.09 mm; and 11.06 to 17.57 mm and 5.47 to 10.11 mm, respectively. The bulk density, true density and porosity of seed decreased with increase in moisture content. Angle of repose and seed mass increased with the increase in moisture content. The terminal velocity of seed ranged from 8.12–9.12 m.s⁻¹ at 11.3% moisture content of seed. The shear force of neem fruit (at 20.41% m.c.) and dry seed (at 11.73% m.c.) were 2.58 N (2 to 3.7 N) and 8.4 N (6.7 to 10.1 N), whereas corresponding crushing force of neem fruit and seed were 14.7 N (9.3 to 20.2 N) and 20.5 N (14.3 to 26.7 N), respectively. The coefficient of friction of neem fruit (0.42) and seed (0.31) was lowest on mild steel surface, followed by aluminium and wood surface.
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