The impact of nitrogen deposition on carbon sequestration by European forests and heathlands
2009
de Vries, W. | Solberg, S. | Dobbertin, M. | Sterba, H. | Laubhann, D. | van Oijen, M. | Evans, C. | Gundersen, P. | Kros, J. | Wamelink, G.W.W. | Reinds, G.J. | Sutton, M.A.
In this study, we present estimated ranges in carbon (C) sequestration per kg nitrogen (N) addition in above-ground biomass and in soil organic matter for forests and heathlands, based on: (i) empirical relations between spatial patterns of carbon uptake and influencing environmental factors including nitrogen deposition (forests only), (ii) ¹⁵N field experiments, (iii) long-term low-dose N fertilizer experiments and (iv) results from ecosystem models. The results of the various studies are in close agreement and show that above-ground accumulation of carbon in forests is generally within the range 15-40kgC/kgN. For heathlands, a range of 5-15kgC/kgN has been observed based on low-dose N fertilizer experiments. The uncertainty in C sequestration per kgN addition in soils is larger than for above-ground biomass and varies on average between 5 and 35kgC/kgN for both forests and heathlands. All together these data indicate a total carbon sequestration range of 5-75kgC/kgN deposition for forest and heathlands, with a most common range of 20-40kgC/kgN. Results cannot be extrapolated to systems with very high N inputs, nor to other ecosystems, such as peatlands, where the impact of N is much more variable, and may range from C sequestration to C losses.
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