β-D-glucan content of wheat kernels after inoculation With <i>Fusarium culmorum</i> Sacc
2012
Šliková, S. | Havrlentová, M. | Hauptvogel, P. | Mendel, Ľ | Gregová, E. | Šudyová, V.
Winter wheat landraces and modern Slovak cultivars were inoculated with the pathogen <i>Fusarium culmorum</i> Sacc. by spraying in May 2008, in plot experiments under natural conditions in Piešťany, Slovakia. The objective was to examine the responses of the tested genotypes to inoculation with <i>F. culmorum</i> and to determine changes in the β-D-glucan content in the kernels. The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), <i>Fusarium</i>-damaged kernels (FDK) and the β-D-glucan and deoxynivalenol (DON) contents in the grains were determined using Megazyme and Ridascreen® Fast DON assay kits. Wheat landraces had lower AUDPC and FDK, and accumulated 67.4% less DON than modern cultivars. There were highly significant correlations (<i>P</i> < 0.01) between AUDPC and DON content, between FDK and DON, and between AUDPC and FDK. The correlation between β-D-glucan content and AUDPC was also significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05), but not correlations between β-D-glucan and other traits. The β-D-glucan content in the grain of wheat genotypes artificially inoculated with <i>F. culmorum</i> was lower than in grains without infection. The wheat landraces contained more β-D-glucan than modern cultivars and showed higher resistance to <i>F. culmorum</i>. The three wheat landraces had significantly lower spike and kernel infection compared to modern cultivars and could be used to breed elite cultivars with enhanced Fusarium head blight resistance.
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