Interactions between selenite and different forms of antimony and their effects on root morphology of paddy rice
2017
Wu, Qianhua | Feng, Renwei | Guo, Junkang | Wang, Ruigang | Xu, Yingming | Fan, Zhilian | Mo, Liangyu
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The effects of Sb(V), alone or combined with Se, on the growth and root development of plants are unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction between selenite and different forms of Sb and the effects on their uptake in rice and on rice root morphology. METHODS: A hydroponic experiment was conducted that contained fourteen treatments. The treatment levels for Se were 0.5 and 1 mg L⁻¹, and the treatment levels for Sb(III) and Sb(V) were 5 and 15 mg L⁻¹. RESULTS: Sb(V) alone significantly reduced the surface area, mean diameter and volume of the roots, whereas Sb(III) alone reduced the values of most parameters of root morphology. The addition of 1 mg L⁻¹ Se significantly enhanced the surface area, number of medium roots, and Sb concentration in the roots subjected to 15 mg L⁻¹ Sb(V), but it decreased the number of root forks, the number and proportion of fine roots, and the shoot Sb concentration under exposure to 15 mg L⁻¹ Sb(III). When the plants were subjected to 1 mg L⁻¹ Se, the addition of 15 mg L⁻¹ Sb(III) markedly reduced the shoot and root Se concentrations and the number of root tips, root forks, and fine roots and increased the mean root diameter. However, the addition of Sb(V) did not significantly affect the root and shoot Se concentrations but significantly decreased the number of root forks and fine roots and increased the proportion of medium roots. CONCLUSIONS: Se and Sb(III) showed antagonistic effects on uptake in the shoots, but not in the roots, of paddy rice. A range of Se concentrations could stimulate the uptake of Sb in both the shoots and roots of paddy rice exposed to Sb(V).
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