Influence of Harvesting Time on Essential Oil Content, Chemical Composition and Pesticidal Activity of Artemisia maritima Growing Wild in the Cold Desert Region of Western Himalayas
2019
Walia, Swati | Rana, Arti | Singh, Ashok | Sharma, Mohit | Eswara Reddy, S.G. | Kumar, Rakesh
Essential oil (EO) of Artemisia maritima plants growing naturally in the cold desert region has been extracted by hydro distillation at different growth stages during 2015-16. The constituents of the EO have been characterized by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. Nineteen compounds were identified. EO content and composition vary throughout the vegetation period of the plant. The best time for higher EO content (0.45±0.15 %) is August, while for higher 1,8-cineole (59.24±1.63 %) is during October. EO of A. maritima was characterized by high content of 1,8-cineole, bornyl acetate, terpinen-4-ol, camphor, sabinene and germacrene D which varied from 90.54±7.76 to 92.41±6.50 % of the total oil content. The EO of A. maritima was evaluated for their acaricidal activity against two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) (Acarina: Tetranychidae). EO reported excellent fumigant activity against T. urticae with LC₅₀ value of 323.86, 27.05, 15.48 and 12.15 mgL⁻¹ after 1, 2, 3 and 4 h of treatment, respectively as compared to positive control i.e. Propargite 57 % EC (755.72 mgL⁻¹). In repellent activity, 10000 mgL⁻¹ showed significantly higher repellency (95.83±1.67 %) to adult T. urticae and was at par with positive control i.e. Azadirachtin 0.15 % EC (96.67±3.33 %) and 8000 mgL⁻¹ (91.67±2.20 %) as compared to other concentrations studied.
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