Genetic effects and genetic values of fiber properties in F₂ and F ₃ hybrids between germplasm lines and high yield cultivars
2013
Zeng, Linghe | Wu, Jixiang | Bechere, Efrem
Utilization of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm for genetic improvement of fiber properties requires determination of genetic effects in the germplasm lines. A study was designed to analyze genetic populations derived from multiple crosses between nine germplasm lines as male parents and five cultivars and elite breeding lines as female parents to determine genetic values of fiber properties. Parents and F₂ populations were planted at 2 field sites in 2010 and 2011 with 4 and 3 replicates, respectively, and parents and F₃ populations were planted at 2 field sites in 2011 with 3 replicates. Lint yield and seven fiber properties were analyzed by an additive and dominant model with genotype by environment interaction effects. Significant additive and dominant effects were identified for both lint yield and fiber properties. Germplasm lines JC60, JC65, JC186, and SP205 were good general combiners for micronaire, elongation, strength, 50 % span length, short fiber content, and fineness. Six to fifteen crosses were detected with favorable heterozygous dominant effects for lint yield and diverse fiber traits, which suggest useful heterosis of these hybrids. Favorable additive correlations were identified between fiber properties such as micronaire versus 50 % span length (−0.57), micronaire versus fineness (0.82), strength versus 50 % span length (0.54), strength versus short fiber content (−0.69), and 50 % span length versus short fiber content (−0.78) while unfavorable additive correlations were not identified among fiber properties. These results indicated potential of simultaneous genetic improvement for these multiple properties in breeding populations derived from these germplasm lines.
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