Spatial gradient differences of ecosystem services supply and demand in the Pearl River Delta region
2021
Xu, Qian | Yang, Ren | Zhuang, Dachang | Lu, Zongliang
Ecosystem services (ES) are benefits that nature provides to humans for their survival and development; these have attracted extensive attention from academic, government, and non-governmental organizations. Based on land use and socioeconomic data, this study selected an urban agglomeration in China, the Pearl River Delta, and considered its urban and rural spatial gradients, landscape gradients, and corresponding urban development planning to determine five transects. The transects’ gradient difference characteristics of ES supply and demand within the region were then analyzed collectively and individually to uncover their effect mechanisms. We found that: (1) The ES supply function in the region has a distinct ring differentiation structure, which is gradually enhanced from the core area to the peripheral area. Shenzhen, Guangzhou, and Foshan have low concentrations of ES supply, while Jiangmen, Zhaoqing, Conghua district of Guangzhou, and Huizhou have high concentrations, forming an ecological barrier in the Pearl River Delta. (2) Among the ES classifications, regulating services is the most important function type, accounting for 50.87% of ES supply. (3) Within a city, from its center to the edge, ES value gradually increases from negative to positive until a new equilibrium state is reached. ES values between cities are more complex, with more areas of rise, fall, and stabilization. (4) Due to these cities having different urban development patterns, ES supply and demand are significantly negatively correlated. Additionally, because of the complex interaction and comprehensive influence of multiple factors, the spatial imbalance of ES supply and demand is relatively prominent.
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