Flavonoid patterns and the revised classification of Australian Restionaceae
1998
Williams, C.A. | Harborne, J.B. | Greenham, J. | Briggs, B.G. | Johnson, L.A.S.
The culms of 115 species of Restionaceae endemic to Australia have been surveyed for their flavonoids. Complex patterns are present, based on the occurrences of simple and methylated flavones, gossypetin, hypolaetin, C-glycosyl and sulphated flavones. Among aglycones detected for the first time in the family are apigenin, luteolin, chrysoeriol, tricin, kaempferol, quercetin 3-methyl ether, isorhamnetin and the 7-methyl ether of hypolaetin. A variety of new glycosides were also characterised. A study of the distribution of these flavonoids showed that hypolaetin (in 23 of 34 genera), luteolin (in 25 genera), flavone C-glycosides (in 13 genera) and sulphates (in 15 genera) are the most typical constituents. By contrast, gossypetin (in 7 genera), tricin (in 7 genera) and myricetin (in 2 genera) are relatively rare. Together, the flavonoid data are generally supportive of the new classification of these plants, which has been mainly based on morphological and anatomical features, supported in part by DNA sequence data. Also significant differences in pattern have emerged compared with the flavonoids of South African species, where flavonols are more common and proanthocyanidins are characteristic.
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