Final results of the Helsinki Dietary Prevention Study
1980
Karvonen, M.J.
The Helsinki Dietary Prevention Study examined the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in 676 male Finnish patients, aged 35-64, on a serum-cholesterol-lowering (SCL) diet. The subjects from 2 mental hospitals represented a captive, at risk population whose customary diet was moderately high in saturated fats. Only men without prior CHD participated. Dairy fats in one hospital diet were replaced by vegetable oils (mostly soybean oil) high in polyunsaturates; the other hospital diet served as a control. Total fat content in the diet remained unchanged and customary foods were served. For example, milk was replaced by an emulsion of soybean oil in skim milk and soft highly polyunsaturated margarine replaced butter. After 6 years the diets in each hospital were reversed for another 6-year period. The SCL diet caused a significant reduction in serum cholesterol values. CHD incidence, as measured by coronary mortality and electrocardiogram analysis, in both hospitals during the SCL-diet periods was approximately half that during the control diet period. It was concluded that the observed primary prevention of CHD was due to the SCL diet.
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