Transfer of Wheat-Rye Translocation Chromosomes Conferring Resistance to Hessian Fly from Bread Wheat into Durum Wheat
1999
Friebe, B. | Kynast, R. G. | Hatchett, J. H. | Sears, R. G. | Wilson, D. L. | Gill, B. S.
The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), is a damaging pest of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L., and durum wheat, T. turgidum L. ssp. durum Desf. Husn., in many wheat production areas of the world. Breeding for host plant resistance is the most agronomically desirable way to control this pest. Twenty-seven major genes conferring resistance to Hessian fly have been identified and used in wheat improvement. These genes confer resistance to specific biotypes of the Hessian fly. Recently, new sources of Hessian fly resistance derived from cultivated rye, Secale cereale L., have been reported that confer resistance to all known biotypes of the Hessian fly. The resistance gene H21 is present on the wheat-rye whole arm translocation T2BS·2R#2L. H25 is present on an interstitial rye segment in the 4AL arm of the wheat-rye translocation chromosome Ti4AS·4AL-6R#1L-4AL. The objective of the present study was to transfer H21 and H25 to tetraploid durum wheat, thereby making these genes available for the improvement of durum wheat. Homozygous T2BS·2R#2L and Ti4AS·4AL-6R#1L-4AL translocation durum lines were recovered that expressed the H21 and H25 resistance. The H25 durum translocation line was vigorous and set seeds similar to the durum wheat parental cultivar. Thus, the H25 transfer can be used directly in durum wheat improvement. Plant vigor and seed set of the H21 durum translocation line was drastically reduced, indicating that the missing 2BL arm in this translocation has genes that are essential for normal plant vigor and fertility. Further chromosome engineering is required to shorten the rye segment in this translocation before H21 can be used in durum breeding.
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