Influences of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae on morphophysiological traits and biochemical compounds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under drought stress
2018
Ganjeali, Ali | Ashiani, Elham | Zare, Maryam | Tabasi, Elahe
The symbiosis of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) with plant roots can enhance plant responses, especially to drought stress. An experiment was conducted in a growth chamber to examine the impacts of arbuscular mycorrhizae on improving the drought tolerance of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) subject to different drought level conditions (25%, 50% and 75% field capacity) and control (field capacity). The seeds were inoculated with Glomus mosseae and 10-day-old seedlings were subjected to the drought treatments. After nine weeks, the plants were harvested. The results indicated that root and shoot dry weight increased, whereas the root:shoot ratio decreased, in drought-treated AM plants. Furthermore, maximum root colonisation was observed at 75% field capacity. In the drought-treated AM plants, the phosphorus content of the root and shoot significantly increased, whereas the potassium content of the root declined compared with that of non-AM plants. Mycorrhizal plants showed higher CO₂ assimilation, water relative content, transpiration rate, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities, proline content, and leaf soluble proteins, as well as lower stomatal resistance, compared with the non-AM plants, especially in drought-stress conditions. In conclusion, common bean can benefit from the AM symbiosis.
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