Glutamate receptors and the regulation of steroidogenesis in the human adrenal gland: The metabotropic pathway
2014
Felizola, Saulo J.A. | Nakamura, Yasuhiro | Satoh, Fumitoshi | Morimoto, Ryo | Kikuchi, Kumi | Nakamura, Tomohiro | Hozawa, Atsushi | Wang, Lin | Onodera, Yoshiaki | Ise, Kazue | McNamara, Keely M. | Midorikawa, Sanae | Suzuki, Shinichi | Sasano, Hironobu
l-glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain. Glutamate receptors have been reported in the rat adrenal cortex and in human aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA). However, details regarding the expression levels and functions of these receptors in human adrenocortical tissues remain unknown.The mRNA levels of glutamate receptors were evaluated by qPCR in: 12 normal adrenal cortex (NAC), 11 APA, and 12 cortisol-producing adenoma (CPA) tissues. Protein localization was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for 15 NAC, 5 idiopathic hyperaldosteronism cases, 15 APA and 15 CPA. H295R cells were treated with angiotensin-II or forskolin alone or combined with the GRM2/3 agonist LY354740.The level of GRM3 mRNA was higher in APA than in CPA (P=0.0086) or NAC (P=0.0022). GRM1, IGLUR2, and IGLUR3 were also detected in adrenocortical tissues. When added to angiotensin-II/forskolin treatments, LY354740 decreased aldosterone and cortisol production in H295R cells.GRM3 is considered to regulate steroidogenesis in adrenocortical tissues.
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