Corn Production Associated with Liquid Beef Manure Application Methods
1991
Sawyer, J.E. | Schmitt, M.A. | Hoeft, R.G. | Siemens, J.C. | Vanderholm, D.H.
Corn (Zea mays L.) production problems of uneven growth, yellowing, and reduced yields have been reported by producers on fields where agronomically acceptable rates of liquid beef manure were spring injected. Field experiments were conducted from 1983 through 1986 in northwestern Illinois on a Derinda silt loam (fine, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalf) soil to determine the effect of method of liquid beef manure application and manure placement relative to the corn row on plant and grain N concentration and grain yield. Placement studies showed that corn plants growing over knife-injection zones had the highest N concentration and greatest yield. Corn offset at parallel distances of 10, 20, and 30 in. from the injection zone had decreased N concentrations and lower yield than corn planted over the zone. In 1986, the year with the largest yield decline, corn 30 in. from the injection zone yielded 56 bu/acre less than corn planted over the zone. This positional relationship and limited availability of manure N appear to be the major factors related to yield decreases associated with knife injection. Yield reduction with sweep injection or broadcast application occurred in 1986, but was attributed to volatile N loss because of improper injection-incorporation. Nitrification inhibitors increased some whole-plant, ear-leaf, and grain N concentrations but did not significantly increase grain yield. Supplemental inorganic N increased grain yield when volatile loss of manure N occurred. Sweep injection, with more uniform manure distribution appears to be a practical alternative to knife injection.
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