In vitro evaluation of cultivar resistance to fire blight
2014
Paprstein, F. | Sedlak, J. | Sillerova, J. | Korba, J.
Pear (Pyrus communis L.) is a globally important vegetative propagated fruit species, which is widely cultivated in Central Europe. Unfortunately field grown trees and trees in nurseries are affected by many pathogens. Especially fire blight, which is highly destructive and increasingly important contagious disease caused by bacteria Erwinia amylovora, is a serious threat for commercial production of pears. During the last four decades, pathogen has spread throughout Europe including the Czech Republic. The aim of the present study was to test the level of resistance of eight selected pear cultivars against E. amylovora in in vitro culture conditions. Pear cultivars in in vitro culture conditions were tested on MS medium with 1 mg/L IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) and 0.1 mg/L BAP (6-benzylaminopurine). The isolate of E. amylovora (Ea 8/95) with stable virulence was used in this study. After careful removal of 3 mm of the shoot apex with scissors, a bacterial suspension at 10(6) CFU/ml was applied to the cut area by pipette. The evaluation was done 3, 5 and 9 days after inoculation. On the basis of obtained results, cultivar ‘Margeurite Marillat’ was the most resistant and ‘Salisbury’ the most susceptible. Results of artificial inoculation of in vitro cultures by E. amylovora indicate the possibility of using in vitro plants for testing of pear resistance to fire blight.
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