A general model for the optimization of energy supply systems of buildings
2017
Iturriaga, E. | Aldasoro, U. | Campos-Celador, A. | Sala, J.M.
In this paper, a general model for the optimization of the energy supply systems of buildings is proposed. The model is based on a general superstructure that allows to include all the existing and future technologies, covering heating, domestic hot water, cooling and electricity. The model is linked to a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem that allows the selection of equipment and its operation, enabling the minimization of the annual cost for a set of constraints imposed by the designer, such as a Non-Renewable Primary Energy (NRPE) consumption limit.The model has been applied to a case study consisting of a domestic building located in Bilbao (Northern Spain). 13 different technologies were taken under consideration together with the specific conditions of the Spanish context. Three different objectives were determined: (i) the optimal cost; (ii) the Zero Energy Building (ZEB); and (iii) the ZEB′, an alternative ZEB where the whole electricity consumption is considered for the calculation of the NRPE. The 3 cases were compared and analyzed and, finally, a parametric evaluation was carried out, setting the aspects that limit the feasibility of low energy buildings: economic feasibility and physical constraints such as roof availability for renewables.
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