Phocaeicola faecalis sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic bacterial strain adapted to the human gut ecosystem
2021
Wang, Chen | Li, Sijia | Zhang, Zhendong | Yu, Zhiming | Yu, Leilei | Tian, Fengwei | Chen, Wei | Zhai, Qixiao
A novel strictly anaerobic, Gram-negative bacterium, designated as strain FXJYN30E22ᵀ, was isolated from the feces of a healthy woman in Yining county, Xinjiang province, China. This strain was non-spore-forming, bile-resistant, non-motile and rod-shaped. It was found to belong to a single separate group in the Phocaeicola genus based on its 16 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence. Alignments of 16 S rRNA gene sequences showed only a low sequence identity (≤ 95.5 %) between strain FXJYN30E22ᵀ and all other Phocaeicola strains in public data bases. The genome (43.0% GC) of strain FXJYN30E22ᵀ was sequenced, and used for phylogenetic analysis which showed that strain FXJYN30E22ᵀ was most closely related to the type strain Phocaeicola massiliensis JCM 13223ᵀ. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) value and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) between FXJYN30E22ᵀ and P. massiliensis JCM 13223ᵀ were 90.4 and 41.9 %, which were lower than the generally accepted species boundaries (94.0 and 70 %, respectively). The major cellular fatty acids and polar lipids were anteiso-branched C₁₅:₀ and phosphatidylethanolamine, respectively. The result of genome annotation and KEGG analysis showed that strain FXJYN30E22ᵀ contains a number of genes in polysaccharide and fatty acid synthesis that indicated adaptation to the human gut system. Furthermore, a pbpE (penicillin-binding protein) gene was found in the genome of strain FXJYN30E22ᵀ but in no other Phocaeicola species, which suggested this gene might be contribute to the adaptive capacity of strain FXJYN30E22ᵀ. Based on our data, strain FXJYN30E22ᵀ (= CGMCC1.17870ᵀ/KCTC25195ᵀ) was classified as a novel Phocaeicola species, and the name Phocaeicola faecalis sp. nov., was proposed.
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