Correlations between two biomonitoring networks: Metals in mosses and sulphur in fir needles | Der Zusammenhang zwischen zwei Meßnetzen zum Biomonitoring: Metalle in Moosen und Schwefel in Fichtennadeln
1998
Von Tritschler, Johannes | Faus-Kessler, Th. (Theresa) | Köhler, Jutta | Peichl, L.
Data from two biomonitoring networks operated by the Bavarian Environmental Protection Agency (Bayerisches Landesamt für Umweltschutz) were analysed. By the first network, the sulphur contents in specimens of recent fir needles has been measured since 1977, the second has observed the concentration of metals and of other elements in epiphytic mossesHypnum cupressiforme since 1981. Both networks are located on a regular grid with distances 16 km; samples have been collected yearly. Epiphytic mosses accumulate substances only through their leaves, which qualifies them as bioindicators of airborne substances. We were interested in the question to what amount the metals accumulated in mosses stem from air pollutants, as compared to chemical compounds from the soil which are drifted onto the mosses’ leaves by the wind. On the other hand, the sulphur contents of fir needles is considered as a bioindicator of air contamination by sulphur compounds, the main source of which is lignite combustion. Examples of correlation analyses between moss and fir measurements are reported for titanium and arsenic. There was a strong influence of a few measurements from the strongest polluted region, the north-east of Bavaria, where the relative excess of sulphur in fir needles turned out to be higher than the relative excess (measured on the logarithmic scale) of titanium and arsenic loads in mosses. Positive correlations with sulphur values were found for the titanium and arsenic measurements.
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