Total body composition by dual-photon (Gd-153) absorptiometry
1984
Mazess, R.B. | Peppler, W.W. | Gibbons, M.
Extract: The lean-fat composition of soft tissue and the mineral mass of the skeleton were determined in vivo using dual-photon (Gd-153) absorptiometry (dose under 2 mrem). A rectilinear raster scan was made over the entire body in 18 subjects (14 female, 4 male). Single-photon absorptiometry (I-125) measured bone mineral content on the radius. Percentage fat was determined in the same subjects using body density (from underwater weighing with correction for residual lung volume). Lean body mass (LBM) was determined using both percentage body fat of soft tissue and percentage body fat determined from body density. Percentage fat from absorptiometry and from underwater density were correlated (r=0.87). The deviation of percentage body fat determined from body density from percentage body fat of soft tissue was due to the amount of skeletal mineral as a percentage of the LBM (r=0.90). Therefore, skeletal variability, even in normal subjects, where mineral ranges only from 4 to 8% of the LBM, essentially precludes use of body density as a composition indicator unless skeletal mass is measured. Anthropometry (fatfolds and weight) predicted percentage body fat of soft tissue and LBM at least as well as did underwater density. The predictive error of percentage body fat of soft tissue from fatfolds was 5% while the predictive error in predicting LBM from anthropometry was 2 to 3 kg (3%). (author)
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