Effects of lanthanum on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and digestibility in steers

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of LaCl₃ supplementation on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and feed digestibility in the total tract of steers. Eight ruminally cannulated Simmental steers (420±20kg) were used in a replicated 4x4 Latin square experiment. The treatments were control (without LaCl₃); La-low; La-medium and La-high with 450, 900 and 1800mg LaCl₃ per steer per day, respectively. Diet consisted of 600g/kg corn stover and 400g/kg concentrate (dry matter [DM] basis). Dry matter intake (averaged 9kg/day) was restricted to a maximum of 90% of ad libitum intake. Ruminal pH (range of 6.59-6.42) was quadratically (P<0.04) changed, whereas total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration (range of 74.16-88.61mM) was linearly (P<0.01) and quadratically (P<0.01) increased with increasing La supplementation. Ratio of acetate to propionate decreased linearly (P<0.01) from 3.28 to 1.79 as La supplementation increased due to the increased in propionate production. In situ ruminal neutral detergent fibre (aNDF) degradation of corn stover was improved but the crude protein (CP) degradability of soybean meal was decreased with increasing La supplementation. Urinary excretion of purine derivatives was quadratically (P<0.01) changed with altering La supplementation (75.5, 81.0, 82.4 and 70.6mmol/day for control, low-, medium- and high-LaCl₃ supplementation, respectively). Similarly, digestibilities of organic matter, aNDF and CP in the total tract were also linearly and quadratically increased with increasing La supplementation. The present results indicate that supplementation of diet with LaCl₃ improved rumen fermentation and feed digestion in beef cattle. It was suggested that the La stimulated the digestive microorganisms or enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. In the experimental conditions of this trial, the optimum La dose was about 900mg LaCl₃ per steer per day.