Epiphytic orchid diversity in Schima wallichii trees in a forest region of Mt. Sanggara, West Java, Indonesia
2019
Fardhani, I. | Kisanuki, H.
Schima wallichii is a forest tree species that grows in critical land areas and is widely used for forest restoration. To clarify the relation between epiphytic orchid diversity and S. wallichii host populations, 40 S. wallichii trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) greater than 20 cm were randomly chosen and the attached epiphytic orchids identified in a forest region of Mt. Sanggara, West Java Province, Indonesia. The diameter and height of each host tree were measured. The growing positions of epiphytic orchids on each host tree were grouped using Johansson’s method into five different zones based on tree architecture. A total of 39 epiphytic orchid species were identified from whole host trees. The most abundant species were Coelogyne miniata, followed by Bulbophyllum flavescens and Eria multiflora. The mid-canopy (Johansson zone 4) of the host with a suitable number and size of branches was the most abundant zone for epiphytic orchids. The diversity of epiphytic orchids grown on S. wallichii trees was categorised as medium (H’=2.69). The DBH of S. wallichii showed a positive effect on epiphytic orchid abundance (p<0.01), species richness (p<0.05), and diversity (p<0.05). Conservation of S. wallichii will lead to the sustainability of the number, species richness, and diversity of epiphytic orchids in the mountainous forest regions of West Java.
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