Growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and temperature in north-west India
2016
Abebe, AL | Pathak, Himanshu | Singh, SD
An experiment was conducted growing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in open top chambers (OTCs) to determine the effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) and temperature on growth, yield and yield attributes of wheat. Wheat (var. WR 544) was grown with two levels of carbon dioxide i.e., ambient (400 ppm) and elevated (550 ± 20 ppm) and three levels of temperature i.e., ambient, ambient + 1.5°C and ambient + 3.0°C during rabi (November to April) seasons of 2013–14 and 2014–15 in New Delhi, India. Elevated CO₂ increased grain yield of wheat by 21.36% with greater grain number and harvest index (HI) by 6.56% compared to ambient CO₂. Biological yield, straw yield and other yield attributes also increased with elevated CO₂. Elevated temperature by 1.5°C and 3.0°C decreasedgrain yield by 9.39% and 18.18%, respectively. Simultaneous elevation of CO₂ and temperature increased number of tiller m⁻², number of spike m⁻², straw yield, biological yield but decreased days to 50% anthesis, plant height, number of grains spike⁻¹ and grain weight spike⁻¹. The study showed that elevated CO₂ had positive effects, whereas elevated temperature had negative effects on growth and yield of wheat. With elevation of both CO₂ and temperature, elevated CO₂ reduced the negative effects of elevated temperature on yield and yield components of wheat.
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