Microwave-assisted for clean and rapid fabrication of highly efficient magnetically separable activated carbon from agriculture shells for low grade industrial corn syrup decoloration: A novel strategy for impregnation of ternary catalytic composite
2019
Teimouri, Zahra | Salem, Amin | Salem, Shiva
The ternary catalytic composites, ZnCl2 + FeCl3 + FeCl2, were prepared according to the mixture design methodology and successfully impregnated on walnut and almond shells by microwave-assisted technique followed by carbonization at 500 °C in different atmospheres. The efficiency of fabricated adsorbents was evaluated by decoloration of industrial corn syrup, and the optimum catalytic composites were determined to enhance the performance of activated carbon. The efficiency of adsorbent produced from walnut shell was intensively enhanced with loading 50.0% FeCl3 onto the starting bio-resource. The decoloration efficiency of activated carbon can be increased up to 98% if 16.7% FeCl3 and the same content of FeCl2 are loaded on the almond shell. Also, to achieve appropriate efficiency, the microwave power should be controlled at level of 600 W to produce tar-like materials, independent of agriculture waste composition. Moreover, the carbonization time should be controlled at 30 min to improve the performance of adsorbents. The magnetic activated carbons fabricated as above procedure can be easily separated from corn syrup effluent by applying an external magnetic field. The adsorption efficiency of adsorbents fabricated from bio-resources in the closed vessel is at least 30% higher than those prepared in nitrogen atmosphere which is due to formation of micropores, 2.4 nm, providing a large surface area, 1000 m2 g−1, for syrup decoloration.
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