Evaluation of the effect of fumaric acid and sodium bicarbonate addition on performance of starter pigs fed diets of different types
1991
Giesting, D.W. | Roos, M.A. | Easter, R.A.
Three growth experiments were conducted to assess the effect of fumaric acid (FA) supplementation on the performance of pigs fed different types of diets. These 4-wk experiments involved 550 crossbred pigs weaned at 30 +/- 3 d of age. Pigs in Exp. 1 were fed either a simple corn-soybean meal (SBM diet or a 75% corn-SBM, 25% dried skim milk (DSM) diet. Zero, 2, or 3% FA were added to the diets to create a 2 X 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Supplementing diets with DSM improved gain (P < .05) and gain/feed (P < .001). Fumaric acid addition improved efficiency of feed utilization (P < .01). Experiment 2 was conducted to evaluate the effect of protein source (casein or soy protein concentrate [SPC]) on the response to 3% FA. Sodium bicarbonate (BCB; 2.75%) was added to one diet containing casein and FA to negate the effect of FA on growth performance. Addition of FA improved gain and feed efficiency (P < .05) during the first 2 wk. Bicarbonate addition to diets containing acid and casein resulted in a large increase in gain/feed (P < .05) during the first 2 wk. Experiment 3 was a 2(3) arrangement of BCB (2.50%) addition with different protein sources (casein and SPC) and with 2.75% FA. Casein addition to diets reduced gain, intake, and feed efficiency (P < .001) compared with diets containing SPC. Fumaric acid addition increased gain (P < .05) in the first 2 wk. Bicarbonate addition tended to increase gain and feed intake when fed to pigs consuming diets based on SPC but to reduce intake and gain when added to diets containing casein (BCB X protein source interaction; P <.01). There was a BCB X VA interaction for gain (P < .05) and gain/feed (P < .001).
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