History of the research on xerothermic vegetation in the Nida Basin and problems related to its conservation
2012
Towpasz, Krystyna
The history of botanical exploration in the Nida Basin is more than 140 years old. Intensive research, however, began 95 years ago. Initially those were floristic studies, but along with the development of other research fields, in particular phytosociology, they dealt also with plant communities. Characteristic xerothermic associations described from the investigated area were: Sisymbrio-Stipetum capillatae, Inuletum ensifoliae, Thalictro-Salvietum pratensis, Seslerio-Scorzoneretum purpureae, Carici flaccae-Tetragonolobetum maritimi and Koelerio-Fesucetum sulcatae. At present, studies related to ecology and biology of selected taxa were also carried out, and this is also connected with the possibility of their "in situ" conservation. This particularly concerns the species endangered with extinction: e.g. Linum hirsutum, Carlina onopordifolia, Reseda phyteuma, Sisymbrium polymorphum or Lathyrus pannonicus. Many of these plants were listed in the "Polish Red Data Book of Plants" and on the "Red Data List". In particularly valuable areas, nature reserves were created. Initially those were "strict" reserves, but at present when it became clear that the lack of land use (particularly grazing and mowing) induced the succession processes, it was necessary to change their status to "partial" nature reserves. At present, other forms of surface nature conservation in the Nida Basin include ecological lands and protected landscape areas.
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