Hydrogeochemical investigation of groundwater in shallow coastal aquifer of Khulna District, Bangladesh
2017
Islam, S. M Didar-Ul | Bhuiyan, Mohammad Amir Hossain | Rume, Tanjena | Azam, Gausul
Groundwater acts as a lifeline in the coastal regions to meet out the domestic, drinking, irrigational and industrial needs. To investigate the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater and its suitability, twenty samples were collected from the shallow tubewells of study area having screen depth 21–54 m. The water quality assessment has been carried out by evaluating the physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, EC, TDS and major ions i.e., Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl⁻, SO₄ ²⁻, NO₃ ⁻, HCO₃ ⁻. Results found that, the water is slightly alkaline and brackish in nature. The trends of cations and anions are Na⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > K⁺ and Cl⁻ > HCO₃ ⁻ > SO₄ ²⁻ > NO₃ ⁻, respectively and Na–Cl–HCO₃ is the dominant groundwater type. The analyzed samples were also characterized with different indices, diagram and permissible limit i.e., electric conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride content (Cl), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), Kelley’s ratio (KR), Wilcox diagram and USSL diagram, and results showed that groundwater are not suitable for drinking and irrigational use. The factors responsible for the geochemical characterization were also attempted by using standard plot and it was found that mixing of seawater with entrapped water plays a significant role in the study area.
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