Evaluation of components for integrated management of apple replant disease in Himachal Pradesh
2017
Bharat, Narender K.
In the present investigations seven pot culture experiments were conducted using replant diseased soil collected from affected orchards of apple in Shimla and Kullu districts of Himachal Pradesh. The soil was subjected to various treatments under these experiments individually which included the screening of various components of integrated disease management programme viz., soil application with arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and biocontrol agents, use of root stocks, use of Brassica crop residues and seed meals as soil biofumigants and amendments, use of wheat, barley and maize as cover crops, use of chemical fungicides and fumigants as soil treatment. From these pot experiments the native AM fungal culture consortia, AMFG-1 and AMFN-1, biocontrol agent, Trichoderma viride (Trv-1) were found good biocontrol agents for soil treatment. From rootstocks, M-793 was adjudged as a tolerant root stock in replant affected soil. Amongst cover crops used, wheat showed better results as compared to others. Amongst biofumigant crops, residues as well as seed meals of taramira (Eruca sativa) and mustard (Brassica juncea) were found best soil amendments for biofumigation of replant diseased soil. Out of various chemicals used for soil fumigation and treatments, hydrogen peroxide and metalaxyl plus mancozeb or cymoxanil plus mancozeb minimized the effect of replant sick soil on the growth of apple seedlings. These components can be used for development of an integrated disease management module against apple replant disease.
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