Recycling phosphorus from waste in China: Recycling methods and their environmental and resource consequences
2023
Liu, Xuewei | Zhang, You | Cheng, Mingjin | Jiang, Songyan | Yuan, Zengwei
Recycling phosphorus (P) from waste is an effective way to alleviate resource and environmental pollution due to excessive phosphate consumption. In order to better understand the feedback of P cycle to waste recycling methods, a P waste feedback model was built and was then used to predict P waste generation, recycling, loss and phosphate consumption in China under several P management scenarios. Three recycling methods, ‘waste as fertilizer’, ‘waste as feed’ and ‘waste as industrial material’, were analyzed for each scenario. The results show that people choosing a more balanced diet will largely increase P loss and phosphate consumption. The integration of all P sustainable measures can offset these increase and P loss and phosphate consumption will be 50% and 62% lower than 2015, respectively. ‘Waste as fertilizer’ decreases per capita phosphate consumption from 10 kg P y⁻¹ to 2.6 kg P y⁻¹, and ‘waste as feed’ decreases per capita P loss from 6.2 kg P y⁻¹ to 2.2 kg P y⁻¹. ‘Waste as material’ method is less effective among the three methods. Integrated measure with ‘waste as fertilizer’ method minimizes the pressure of P reserve depletion, but the economically recoverable reserve would still be depleted around 2053.
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